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Essential ENGLISH GRAMMAR 

The Present Tense in English


An introduction to English grammar

GRAMMAR TOPICS
Verbs
Verbs : the present tenses
Verbs : past tenses
Verbs: expressing the future
Verbs of enabling & permission
Phrasal & prepositional verbs
Irregular verbs
Nouns
Noun phrases
Articles 
Adjective order in English
The possessive
Sentences & clauses
Relative clauses in English
Conditional clauses in English
Word order in English
Reported questions in English
Miscellaneous
Language and style 
Word stress in English
The short story of English




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The different types of present tense in English: 

English uses two forms of the present, the present simple and the Present Progressive.

The present simple 

In short, the Present Simple is used to express:
   a) permanent states and permanent truths.
   b) repetitive actions
   c) instant actions.
Examples:
   a1) I like apples, but I don't like oranges.
   a2) I live in London, and I work for a big bank.
   a3) Flowers grow well in a warm sunny climate.
   a4) Tomorrow never comes
   b1) My brother often goes to London.
   b2) It snows in winter in New York.
   b3) I get up at 6 every morning.
   c1) Oh, I understand what you mean.
   c2) And now Beckham gets the ball, he shoots, and he scores

The present progressive 

In short, the Present Progressive is used to express:
   a) developing  situations.
   b) actions that are actually taking place.
   c) future actions.

Examples:  
  a1) John is getting better.
   a2) The weather is improving.
   b1) This week I am working in New York.
   b2) Look! That man's stealing my car!
   b3) Slow down, you're going too fast!
   c1) He's going on holiday tomorrow.
   c2) He said he's retiring next year. 


Note: some verbs are almost never used in the present progressive - notably certain verbs of permanent state, such as know, be, like, exist.
   We can say: I know the train is arriving late.
   We cannot say: I am knowing the train is arriving late.

A contrastive example :
This sentence is a clear example of the difference in usage between the two forms:
  I eat hamburgers, but I'm not eating a hamburger right now.






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Le temps présent en anglais


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