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English Grammar
from Linguapress

The free online English grammar

Gramática inglesa - Índice en español
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English grammar clearly explained

An English grammar for learners, teachers and native speakers - recommended by teachers worldwide.

See also
► Grammar tests and quizzes - a developing resource

► A glossary of grammar - understand the language of grammar

► The 30 essential terms of grammar - words all teachers should know
.

Verbs

Verbs: definition, types, forms
Verbs: transitive and intransitive
Verbs : the present tenses
Verbs: expressing the future
Verbs : past tenses
Verbs: conditional structures
Verbs: the infinitive
Verbs: the imperative
Verbs: the passive
Verbs: gerunds, participles and -ing forms
Consecutive verbs - whether to use -ing or an infinitive
To be : main verb, auxiliary, or modal
To have : main verb, auxiliary or modal
Do and make - uses and differences
Get and got - usage and meanings
Modal verbs 1. - can, may and might
Modal verbs 2 - must, should, ought to...
Verbs of enabling & permission
Phrasal & prepositional verbs
Irregular verb tables
Tenses: how many are there?

Adverbs and prepositions

Adverbs in English
Adverbs of degree (such as quite, rather, very)
Prepositions

The English language

Five fundamental principles of English grammar
A very short English Grammar
The importance of grammar
The short story of English with AUDIO
Language and style
Spoken English - accents with AUDIO
Spoken English - phonetics with AUDIO
Glossary of English slang
Vital English phrases for travel

The noun phrase

Nouns - nature, usage, formation
Noun phrases
Count and non-count nouns
Pronouns 1: Personal pronouns
Pronouns 2: Indefinite & gender-neutral pronouns
Pronouns 3: Relative pronouns
Pronouns 4: Demonstrative pronouns
Articles
Some, any, no
Other Quantifiers
Numbers and counting
Numbers 2: ordinals
Numbers 3: fractions, decimals
The possessive
Adjectives in English
Adjective order in English

Sentences and clauses

Word order and sentence structure
Word order in questions
Reported questions in English
Tag questions - definition, structures, usage
Negative structures - the different options
Coordination and subordination - using conjunctions or connectors
Correlating coordinators - (such as not only .... but also)
Conjunctive adverbs (such as therefore)
Relative clauses in English
Conditional clauses in English
Punctuation in English

Specific difficulties

Small points and problem words index
(includes each, every, so, such, all, used to, or whole, and other problem words)
Word stress in English now with AUDIO
Using since or for
Still, yet, again, already
Dates in English

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American version available from major bookstores: A new English Grammar - American edition

More grammar & resources

Pages for teachers
Pages to help teachers with their teaching

What is grammar ?
What do we mean by the term "grammar", as a general concept?

French grammar
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Ielts reading

Twenty culturally relevant texts, average level C1, with IELTS-style reading tests and language development pages, for students preparing for IELTS, TOEFL, or other proficiency level reading skills tests.

Grammar, understanding, and communication

Mastering a language is like learning to be a good driver. To drive safely, one needs to master the art of driving, but also to understand the rules of the road, and the signage that tells a driver where to go, what to do, and what not to do. If one wants to communicate effectively in a language - one's own native language or a foreign language - it is essential to understand the rules.

As children we learn our native language without actually learning many rules. We acquire the language by "immersion" and by copying the way that other people around us use words; the result is that we "understand" the rules of grammar even if we have not actually learned them. But that is a very slow process. Children take several years to become proficient in their own language... even though they are using that language all the time!

Learning a foreign language is very different, specially if we are doing so at school or in a language class. ELL's (English language learners) do not have the time to just "acquire" the rules and principles of grammar, simply by listening to all the other people around them. To learn English as a foreign language or second language, the learner just has to learn the basic rules of grammar – but not just learn them. Learning is one thing; understanding the rules of grammar is far more valuable.

Understanding grammar means knowing how to use it in new situations, knowing how to express our ideas without having to think "Am I saying / writing this correctly?" , and above all it means being able to understand what other people are saying or writing. It also means being able to write Engish with confidence, which in turn means writing English fluently and without having to use a grammar-checker to make sure that everything you have written is well written. Grammar-checkers are very useful in some places, but they sometimes get things wrong, correct grammar that was not wrong in the first place, and also make the writing process much slower. Besides, you can't use a grammar-checker when you're talking, nor if you're writing something on paper.... which is not as unusual as some people would imagine it to be!
Grammar is much easier to learn if you understand it, which is why the Linguapress English grammar pays great attention to explaining things clearly and illustrating English grammar rules with plenty of examples. These pages are designed for students in the higher grades of secondary education or high school, and in universities and other forms of higher education. Though originally an EFL / ESOL resource aimed at non-native speakers of English, this is also an invaluable resource for English-speaking students wishing to comprehend the grammar and syntax of their own language.
Compared to many other languages, English is a language whose grammar is relatively easy – which is certainly one of the reasons why it has been able to become established as a world language. English is a language in which it is fairly easy to communicate, even without understanding much of its grammar; much of the basic grammar of English is intuitive, making it easy to express basic ideas without ever having consciously learned any rules.
But using a language properly is more than just knowing how to communicate: it is knowing how to communicate with precision, without ambiguity, and in a form that others can understand. Most native English speakers do this fairly easily, without having ever learned the rules. But even for native speakers, communication is easier and more effective once a person has an understanding of the way English grammar works.
The Linguapress English grammar seeks to explain these rules and principles as clearly and as coherently as possible.